The First Circuit includes the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island (as well as Puerto Rico). The First Circuit will soon decide whether New Hampshire violated the Constitution when it passed a law in 2014, making it illegal for the petition to create a new party to circulate in an odd year. The case is Libertarian Party of New Hampshire v Gardner.

On February 25, the ballot-qualified parties (other than the Democratic and Republican Parties) of the states in the First Circuit jointly filed an amicus curiae brief in support of the New Hampshire Libertarian Party. The parties on the amicus brief are the Moderate Party of Rhode Island, the United Independent Party of Massachusetts, the Green Party of Maine, and the Green Party of Massachusetts. Also the Massachusetts Libertarian Party, which is not now ballot-qualified, is on the amicus.