This article in Russia Today describes ballot access requirements for the March 18, 2018 presidential election in Russia. Parties with parliamentary representatives are on the ballot automatically. Other parties need 100,000 signatures to place a presidential nominee on the ballot. Independent candidates need 300,000 signatures. The signatures are due January 31, which is 46 days before the election.
In the United States, the earliest independent presidential deadline is North Carolina’s deadline in late April. Independent candidates for statewide office in North Carolina in 2020 will need 70,666 signatures, if the law isn’t changed before 2020; and the deadline will be 197 days before the November 3, 2020 election. A lawsuit, Leifert v North Carolina State Board of Elections, m.d., 1:17cv-147, is pending that challenges the independent requirements.