Colorado now has closed primary elections, and generally only the Democratic and Republican Parties have primary elections, although in rare cases qualified minor parties also have them. Also, currently, Colorado has no presidential primaries

An initiative is circulating that would amend the law so that independent voters could vote in a special primary ballot that includes the names of all candidates. The initiative says if a party doesn’t like that, if three-fourths of the members of the state central committee choose to nominate for all office by party meeting instead of a primary, that is allowed. However, the proponents know that it is very difficult for any party to pass anything that controversial with a three-fourths vote. Here is the text of the initiative.

Another initiative is circulating that would provide for a presidential primary. Here is the text. It says that independents could vote in any party’s presidential primary.

Finally, a bill in the legislature would set up a presidential primary. It provides that all independent voters would be free to temporarily join a party, and then they could vote in that party’s presidential primary, and they would automatically become independents again a few months after the presidential primary. The bill, HB 1454, passed the House Committee that handles election law bills on April 25, and it passed the House Appropriations Committee on April 28. However, it was amended on April 28 to say that if any initiative on the subject of presidential primaries passes in November, that initiative is automatically amended to say that any party is free to choose to nominate for all office by party meeting instead of by primary.

Proponents of HB 1454 inserted this amendment to help defeat the presidential primary initiative if it gets on the ballot. Proponents of the bill say that the presidential primary initiative idea would cost far too much money. This is because all registered voters in Colorado automatically receive ballots in the postal mail, and proponents of HB 1454 say that if the initiative passes, thousands of ballots would need to be mailed to all independents (the envelope would include both a Democratic ballot and a Republican ballot), and many or most of those ballots would never be returned and would be wasted. By contrast, the bill requires independents to request a presidential primary ballot, so fewer ballots would need to be printed and mailed.

Oklahoma holds a primary (for all partisan office except President) on June 28. Oklahoma does not permit write-ins, and when only one candidate files in any particular race, Oklahoma removes that office from the ballot, whether it is a primary ballot or a general election ballot.

Only two statewide offices are up in Oklahoma this year, U.S. Senate and Corporation Commissioner. Because there is only one Democrat and one Republican running for each of those two offices, those offices are off the major party primary ballots. Republican and Democratic primary ballots will therefore only be printed in areas with a contest between at least two candidates for district or county partisan office. As a result, there is no Democratic primary, and no Republican primary, in most of the precincnts in the state.

But because there are two Libertarians running for U.S. Senate, there will be statewide Libertarian primary. The Libertarian Party allows independents to vote in its primaries. The two U.S. Senate Libertarian candidates are Robert Murphy and Dax Ewbank. Thanks to E. Zachary Knight for this news.

Ever since 2014, some Montana Republican County Central Committees have been trying to win a federal lawsuit against the open primary as applied to the Republican Party. The case is Ravalli County Republican Central Committee v McCulloch, cv14-58. On May 2, the county parties filed paperwork with the U.S. District Court voluntarily dropping the case within the U.S. District Court. That means the trial, to present evidence on whether the open primary harms the party, will not be held.

However, the county Republican Parties are still pressing ahead with their appeal of an earlier decision by the U.S. District Court not to enjoin the 2016 open primary. That appeal will be argued in the Ninth Circuit on May 4, in Portland, Oregon.

The state Republican Party had joined this case after it had been filed, but recently dropped out of the case. The three judges who will be hearing the Ninth Circult appeal are Judges A. Wallace Tashima, Richard Tallman (both are Clinton appointees), and AndrewHurwitz (an Obama appointee). Thanks to Mike Fellows for this news.