Arizona is holding a special election for the vacant Seventh District U.S. House seat on September 23, 2025. Each qualified party had its own special primary on July 15, 2025. The Green Party and the No Labels Party each nomianted someone by write-in vote in their own primaries. The Libertarian Party also had a write-in candidate in its primary, but the person who got the most votes in the Libertarian primary can’t be on the September 23 ballot because the rules are different for the Libertarian Party.

The Green Party and the No Labels Party each petitioned in 2024, so they are considered “new” parties. “New” parties can nominate by write-in very easily. Whoever gets the most votes in their primaries is nominated, regardless of how few write-ins they received. The Green Party winner got 42 write-ins and the No Labels Party candidate got one write-in.

But the Libertarian Party is not considered a new party, because it has been continuously qualified since 2000. So write-in candidates in its primary need a large number of write-ins to be nominated.

Here are the election results for the July 15, 2025 primary.

On August 5, U.S. District Court Judge Michael McShane, an Obama appointee, issued an opinion in Judicial Watch v Griffin-Valade, 6:24cv-1783. The issue is whether Oregon is failing to keep its voter registration list up-to-date, something each state is required to do under the 1993 federal Voter Registration law. The judge ruled that the Constitution Party is the only plaintiff that has standing to carry on the lawsuit. The other organization in the lawsuit, Judicial Watch, does not have standing, according to the decision. The case will now proceed to the merits.

The judge agreed that the Constitution Party is harmed by inaccurate voter registration records. All qualified parties in Oregon must keep registration of at least one-tenth of 1% and must pass the 1% vote test as well, to stay on the ballot. Parties that have registration of one-third of 1% don’t need to worry about the vote test.

On July 30, Michael Polelle, an independent voter in Florida, asked the U.S. Supreme Court to hear his case against closed primaries. Florida has closed primaries. Polelle argues that the U.S. Constitution requires that he be allowed to vote in partisan primaries. Here is his cert petition.

The case is Polelle v Byrd, 25-147.