On January 6, 2025, the state of Pennsylvania filed an answer in U.S. District Court in West v Pennsylvania Department of State, w.d., 2:24cv-1349. The issue is whether it is unconstitutional for the state to require independent presidential candidates to submit certain paperwork for the candidate’s presidential elector candidates. Qualified parties do not need to submit any documents signed by their candidates for presidential elector, but independents need declarations of candidacy from each of them, and if even one is missing or defective, the entire filing is void.

The state’s answer says that political parties are different from independent candidates, so the difference is justified.

The City Council of Oxnard, California, has voted to ask for a rehearing in the Ninth Circuit in Moving Oxnard Forward v Ascension, 21-56295. This is the campaign finance lawsuit in which the Ninth Circuit struck down Oxnard’s new $500 limit on how much an individual may contribute to a candidate for City Council.

America, the magazine founded by Jesuits in the United States in 1909, has this op-ed about the American Solidarity Party, written by party activist Phillip Hicks.