On April 8, the Illinois House passed HB 5263. Currently, Illinois ballot-qualified parties nominate by primary. However, the law generously lets them nominate someone by party meeting after the primary, if no one had run in that party’s primary for that particular office.

The bill would continue to let ballot-qualified parties nominate by party meeting after the primary was over (if no one had won the primary). But it would require such nominees by party meeting to submit a petition signed by 5% of the last vote cast for that office (or 25,000 signatures, whichever is less).

The bill passed the House by 97-13. The “No” votes included 9 Democrats and 4 Republicans. The Democrats are Mike Boland, John Bradley, John Fritchey, Paul Froehlich, Greg Harris, Lou Lang, David Miller, Cynthia Soto, and Wyvetter Younge. The Republicans are Elizabeth Coulson, Shane Cultra, Jim Durkin, and Keith Sommer.

It is possible that the Green Party, which is the only ballot-qualified party besides the Democratic and Republican Parties, could defeat this idea in court, if it is signed into law and if the Green Party chooses to challenge it. This year, the Green Party nominated more candidates by party meeting after the primary, then it did in the primary. Ballot access in the primary is somewhat difficult, requiring petitions of 3,000 signatures for statewide office, and typically 500 for U.S. House.

The U.S. Supreme Court said in New York State Board of Elections v Lopez Torres, issued January 16, 2008, “A political party has a First Amendment right to limit its membership as it wishes, and to choose a candidate-selection process that will in its view produce the nominee who best represents its political platform.” The decision also says that a state “has an interest in assuring the fairness of the party’s nominating process.” It seems unlikely that Illinois could argue that the existing system, which has been in place for decades, is “unfair” to the Green Party’s rank-and-file members. Although Ballot Access News has been critical of the Lopez Torres decision, this may be an instance when the opinion can be used to good advantage.

On April 10, Missouri SB 797 passed the House Elections Committee unanimously. Now it goes to the House Rules Committee. It has already passed the Senate. This is the only bill in any state legislature in the United States, that improves ballot access for minor parties and independent candidates, that has made any progress in 2008.

On April 10, Chuck Baldwin said he will seek the presidential nomination of the Constitution Party. He lives in Florida and was the party’s vice-presidential nominee in 2004. The Constitution Party national convention is April 23-26.

2008 is a historic year for suspenseful national conventions. As of today, no one knows for sure who will be nominated for president by the Democratic Party, the Libertarian Party, the Green Party, and the Constitution Party.